• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    538 229 Summary Fire extinguishing system Fire extinguishing system comprising a hermetically sealed storage canister (110) made with at least one gas outlet (111) and defining a cavity (112) inside, a powdered fire extinguishing agent (120) stored inside the canister (110), a solid propellant (130). ) which is flammable to generate gases (135), connected to the canister (110) and a breakable seal (140) located at the gas outlet (111), used in the solid propellant (130) generates gases to vent the fire extinguishing agent (120) inside the canister (110) and build up a positive gas pressure until the gas pressure is sufficient to break the seal (140) to release the fire extinguishing agent (120) under gas flow under pressure (150).
    公开号:SE538229C2
    申请号:SE1450341
    申请日:2012-04-20
    公开日:2016-04-12
    发明作者:Berezovsky Julia
    申请人:Pyrogen Mfg Sdn Bhd；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a fire extinguishing system which is particularly useful for extinguishing fires which occur in the engine compartment of a vehicle, in particular for a bus. More specifically, the described invention emits a powdery fire extinguishing agent with an air flow under high pressure to extinguish a fire in confined spaces such as engine compartments.
    Background of the Invention Fire tends to occur around the engine compartment of a car especially due to overheating or spillage of oil in accidents. It is critical to extinguish the fire at the beginning before it spreads to other parts of the car, especially the fuel tank, which can lead to explosions. However, a car engine is generally confined in a small space so that immediate access to it to extinguish a fire is almost impossible. Consequently, it is a starting point to have a pre-installed system within the engine compartment to extinguish the fire with an automatic or manual operation. For example, British Patent Application 2306320, 2362099, and International Patent Application WO9523630 each disclose a fire fighting system for automobiles where a compressed gas tank is specifically used in the described system to extinguish the fire. Although these systems may be capable of performing the necessary firefighting function, compressed gas tanks require relatively initial space for installation in the engine compartment and this is not favorable given the relatively limited space available in the packed engine compartment.
    Other patented technologies are found in the US patent publication US2004262017 and in the international patent application 2006138733 where solid fuels which generate inert gas are used to extinguish the fire. Gas-based systems disperse an inert aerosol over flaming objects to temporarily create an oxygen-depleted environment to extinguish the fire, and such systems have been found to be useful for fire incidents that have occurred in buildings but may not be lit for engine rooms. The presence of spilled gasoline in the engine compartment tends to re-ignite as soon as the aerosol runs out and therefore the fire is likely to re-emerge when gas-based systems are used. It is more preferred that the fire-retardant properties may last until the agent used has been safely removed afterwards. In the same way, the efficiency of water-based systems filled with surfactant is less because petrol floats on top of water, while a foaming agent or surfactant can be corrosive to the car engine. To deal with the aforementioned deficiency, a fire extinguishing system using a non-corrosive but residual active agent is very inconvenient.
    Summary of the Invention The present invention aims to provide a fire extinguishing system capable of delivering a rigid volume of a fire extinguishing agent (120) to a fire under high pressure to effectively suppress the fire.
    Another object of the present invention is to provide a fire extinguishing system having a mechanism for maintaining sufficient gas pressure to deliver a rigid volume of a powdered fire extinguishing agent (120) to the fire for a relatively short time.
    A further object of the present invention is to provide a miniaturized fire extinguishing system which is lit to be installed in a small confined space such as an engine compartment. Miniaturization of the fire extinguishing system can be achieved by using a solid fuel (130) to passively create pressurized gases (135) instead of pre-pressurized gases (135) which are present in a conventional fire extinguisher.
    Yet another object of the present invention is to describe a fire extinguishing system which is capable of avoiding clumping of the powdered fire extinguishing agent (120) due to prolonged storage.
    At least one of the foregoing objects is achieved in whole or in part by the present invention, in which one of the embodiments of the present invention is a fire extinguishing system comprising a hermetically sealed storage canister (110) made with at least one gas outlet (111) and defining a cavity inside (112), a powdered fire extinguishing agent (120) stored inside the canister (110); a solid propellant (130), which is electrically combustible to generate gases (135), coupled to the canister (110), and a breakable seal (140) located at the gas outlet (111), used in the solid propellant (130); ) generates gases to vent the fire extinguishing agent (120) inside the canister (110) and creates a positive gas pressure until the gas pressure is sufficient to break the seal (140) to release the fire extinguishing agent (120) under a pressurized gas flow (150).
    In order to efficiently deliver the fire extinguishing agent (120) within the engine compartment in order to extinguish the fire, the described system may further comprise a distributing root (160) connected to the gas outlet (111) for guiding the released fire extinguishing agent (120).
    In another embodiment, the described system can be activated either automatically or manually by the user. In addition, to allow manual activation, the described system may be connected to a switch that communicates with the solid fuel (130) and capable of electrically igniting the solid fuel (130) when the switch is depressed, while at least one line heat detector (180) electrically switches the solid propellant (130) to an electric power source and is capable of igniting the solid propellant (130) when exposed to heat exceeding a preset temperature in the automatic mode.
    In another embodiment, a pressure valve is placed on the canister (110) to prevent a possible explosion by releasing the generated gases when the pressure inside the canister (110) exceeds a predetermined value.
    To prevent agglomeration of the powdered fire extinguishing agent (120), the gases generated from the solid propellant (130) are passed to the canister (110) through a tubular structure having an outlet sunk into the powdered fire extinguishing agent (120). The powder of the fire extinguishing agent (120) used in the present invention is a mixture of monoammonium phosphate and ammonium sulphate in the proportions 20% to 45%: 55% to 85%.
    Brief Description of the Drawings Figure 1 shows a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the fire canister; 3 538 229 Figure 2 shows a series of transactions that take place within the canister when the described system is activated; Figure 3 is a block diagram showing the layout of the described system; and Figure 4 shows the positions of the nozzles in an embodiment of the described invention.
    Detailed Description of the Invention Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the present invention is optionally adapted to attain the scope and attain the objects and advantages called saval as those set forth herein. The embodiment described herein is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
    According to the preferred embodiment, the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, discloses a fire extinguishing system comprising a hermetically sealed storage canister (110) made with at least one gas outlet (111) and defining a cavity (112) therein; a powdered fire extinguishing agent (120) stored inside the canister (110), a solid propellant (130) which is flammable to generate gases (135), coupled to the canister (110); and a frangible seal (140) located at the gas outlet (111), accustomed to the solid propellant (130), generates gases to vent the fire extinguishing agent (120) within the canister (110) and create a positive gas pressure until the gas pressure is sufficient to break the seal ( 140) is allowed to release the extinguishing agent (120) under a pressurized gas flood (150). Preferably, the canister (110) is a container made of a metal or an alloy that is strong enough to withstand the abrupt pressure rise when a fire breaks out without cracking or exploding. Unlike most of the conventional products, the system described is a module that is not under pressure. More specifically, the contents inside the canister (110) are not pressurized until the solid fuel (130) ignites in place. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that there are a number of different approaches that can be used to ignite the solid propellant (130) even if the solid propellant is electrically ignited according to the described invention. Preferably, the canister (110) has a substantially oval or round shape with a relatively flattened rear surface 538 229 surface. The flattened rear surface facilitates attachment of the canister (110) to any lamp wall in the engine compartment, preferably the engine compartment of a bus. The substantially round or oval side and the front surface of the canister (110) promote the aeration of the powdered fire extinguishing agent (120) to ensure that the fire extinguishing agent (120) is evenly distributed to achieve optimum fire extinguishing effect. The gas outlet (111) located on the canister (110) is preferably lowered to avoid releasing the fire extinguishing agent (120) against the force of gravity. Nevertheless, the gas outlet (111) can be placed in the second layer to release the fire extinguishing agent (120) in such a way that it is less negatively affected by the gravitational force.
    As presented, the solid propellant (130) is a tool or gas generator in which the solid propellant (130) expands to a rigid volume of inert gases (135) to drive the fire extinguishing agent (120). While it is possible to place the solid propellant (130) outside the canister (110) and then direct the generated inert gases into the canister (110) to vent the fire extinguishing agent (120), the solid propellant (130) is preferably located inside the canister ( 110) to minimize the space used when installing the described system. Preferably, the solid propellant (130) - but not limited thereto - is based on potassium nitrate. More preferably, the solid propellant (130) is stored within a tubular member. The tubular member has a first spirit secured within the canister (110) around the upper member and a second member, a gas outlet point (111) buried within the powdered fire extinguishing agent (120). This tubular structure is advantageously made of a semi-solid metal or alloy and serves as a means for housing the solid propellant (130) and for directing the generated inert gases in a preferred direction. By controlling the initial movement, the generated gases have the object of the described invention that the powdered fire-extinguishing agent (120) is aerated in a preferred sample in order to achieve optimal fire-extinguishing efficiency when the selection is released. More specifically, the described system has the outlet point of the tubular structure lowered into the powdery fire extinguishing agent (120), thereby forcing the inert gases to penetrate the fire extinguishing agent (120) to aerate the powder efficiently. The powdered fire extinguishing agent (120) is then adapted to swirl and rotate at high speed within the canister (110) due to the abrupt movement of the generated inert gases, thereby avoiding any clumping of the powder which has arisen due to prolonged storage. Preferably, the described system can release the powdered fire extinguishing agent (120) to the burning stall at a rate of 1,000 to 2,000 g / s, more preferably 1,400 to 1,800 g / s. At the opposite first second, a wire enters the wood-shaped structure, externally through the housing, connecting the solid propellant (130) stored inside. The described system conducts a light electric current through the wire to ignite the solid propellant (130).
    To immediately extinguish the fire and minimize the loss of powder, the powdered extinguishing agent (120) must be released at high speed. In addition to the above-mentioned unique way of aerating the powder, a gas under high pressure must be created for a short period of time within the canister (110) in order to achieve the desired discharge rate. As above, in the system described, a seal (140) is placed at the gas outlet (111) of the canister (110) so that this seal (140) is rapidly broken when the internal pressure in the canister (110) reaches a desired value. The seal (140) is preferably a membrane or a metal foil, more preferably a treated foil of aluminum or copper. In one embodiment, the described system may use a seal (140) made of a laminate to allow higher pressures to build up inside the canister (110). For example, a laminate of aluminum foil and / or plastic can be made to create a stronger seal (140). In addition, notches may be marked on the seal (140) to design the seal (140) so that it ruptures in a desired manner, especially without preventing the release of the fire extinguishing agent (120). Specifically, the crowds are formed in a preferred sample which constitutes the weaker point where the seal (140) is first torn apart and broken to release the fire extinguishing agent (120). For example, the crowds may take the form of an "X" mark on the center of the seal (140) so that the seal (140) is then torn in the middle to become four different small fragments hanging on the edge of the gas outlet (111). The inert gases together with the fire extinguishing agent (120) flow out of it without encountering any obstacles from the torn seal itself (140).
    Preferably, the seal (140) breaks when the internal pressure in the canister (110) reaches 1.2 to 2 MPa, more preferably 1.6 MPa.
    In accordance with another embodiment, the powdered fire extinguishing agent (120) of the present invention plays a crucial role in extinguishing fire in an environment surrounded by gasoline. The fire extinguishing agent (120) is preferably mixtures of ABC powder and the like. Accordingly, the powdered fire extinguishing agent (120) is a mixture of monoammonium phosphate and ammonium sulphate in the proportions 20% to 45%: 55% to 85%. These powders are water-soluble and slightly alkaline. It is important to note that the fire extinguishing agent (120) of the present invention can be removed with a vacuum cleaner or water wash and hardly causes flake corrosion on vehicle parts. It is possible that the corrosion activity for alkaline solutions against metal alloys is much less than for acidic solutions. More preferably, the powder undergoes hydrophobing before the canister (110) is filled with it to minimize any adverse effects on the metal and on electrical components. The mixture is specially prepared by the inventors of the present invention to handle fire incidents occurring in and around the engine compartment of a car, especially fire caused by spilled gasoline. In contrast to the gas-based fire extinguishing systems, the powdered fire extinguishing agent (120) remains at the grinding site to prevent the fire from possibly re-emerging until the circumstances are such that it is safe to remove the fire extinguishing agent (120) later. Specifically, the ABC powder quenches the fire via two main mechanisms. First, the fire extinguishing agent (120) of the present invention binds to flame-retardant compounds such as oxygen, hydrogen and hydroxyl radicals present on the gasoline in the flame zone and thus removes these compounds from the flame zone to end the fire. Second, it acts as a fire blanket to shield the surface of a flaming object, including gasoline and other fuel types, and therefore may prevent the fire from resurfacing. In addition, the powdered fire extinguishing agent (120) undergoes a series of endothermic reactions such as probe precipitation and / or evaporation upon heating to absorb the ambient heat to terminate combustion. In addition to the powdered fire extinguishing agent (120), the solid propellant (130) used in the present invention can also generate inert gases having fire extinguishing properties to assist in firefighting.
    To effectively extinguish a fire in an engine compartment, the fire extinguishing system comprises a network of distribution pipes (160) connected to the gas outlet (111) for directing the discharged fire extinguishing agent (120) to different areas in the engine compartment. Preferably, the distribution tubes (160) are made of copper and have a total length of 7,538,229 not exceeding 10 meters. Any length longer than 10 meters can reduce the gas pressure and the emission rate of the extinguishing agent (120) towards the flame site. In addition, the rudder system of the present invention may have an inner diameter of 12 to 25 mm and more preferably 18 mm, while the discharge opening at the nozzle (190) is 5 to 18 mm in diameter. As shown in Figure 5, the distribution rudder (160) preferably includes two different branches to literally surround the engine and engine compartment. More preferably, the branch has at least two separate nozzles (190) or three pairs of nozzles (190) for the two branches. The described system preferably places at least one nozzle (190) to thank the bottom part of the engine compartment where oil or diesel oil has usually accumulated. Fire on the bottom must be extinguished quickly as fire in this place may be the answer to check when the choice has spread. Another nozzle (190) should preferably be aimed at the ground under the engine compartment to avoid any fire caused by dripping gasoline or diesel oil in the engine compartment. Another nozzle pair (190) can be set aside to protect the top of the engine and engine compartment. More preferably, an additional nozzle pair (190) can be used to extinguish a fire in the turbocharger located in the engine compartment of a bus.
    To activate the described system, in particular to ignite the solid propellant (130) to release the powdered fire extinguishing agent (120), an automatic fire detection system is included in an embodiment of the present invention. The automatic fire detection system can be any known device, such as a heat detector, smoke detector, or infrared detector, but a linear heat detector (180) is used in the more preferred embodiment. More specifically, the linear heat detector (180) is a precision fabricated twisted two-core cable with an end resistor and the conventional core cable has a wire wrapped with a heat-sensitive layer. When exposed to sufficiently hot heat, the layer melts and the wires come into contact with each other allowing larger currents to be conducted into the solid propellant (130) for ignition. The temperature at which the tacking layer melts, or the "alarm temperature" can be varied depending on the material used in the layer. The alarm temperature of the present invention may range from 68 to 180 ° C, more preferably from 150 to 180 ° C. Briefly, the linear heat detector (180) electrically couples the solid propellant (130) to an electric power source and is capable of igniting the solid propellant (130) when it is exposed to a temperature exceeding a preselected temperature. In addition, the described system features an additional stand-alone mechanism that facilitates manual activation in addition to the automatic activation. An activation switch electrically communicates with the solid fuel (130), preferably via an electronic igniter, which is capable of electrically igniting the solid fuel (130) when the switch is turned manually. The activation circuit breaker is preferably located close to the driver's seat and protected by a glass shell to prevent the switch from being turned on unintentionally. In the preferred embodiment, a circuit board is used as a platform to connect and combine various components of the described system to operate with a predefined logic.
    In another embodiment, the described system is driven by two power sources, a primary power source and a backup power source. The primary power source can be the vehicle's bat, while the backup power source is a spare battery to stabilize the described system in the act of stromay failure from the primary power source. Preferably, both power supplies can provide at least 24 volts DC. In yet another embodiment, a siren is mounted inside the vehicle and emits a loud warning sound to notify the passenger of leaving the vehicle when the described system is activated.
    The present invention also includes a safety device in one embodiment to avoid a possible explosion in the canister (110) due to an abrupt internal pressure rise. In this embodiment, a pressure valve on the canister (110) is allowed to release the generated gases when the pressure in the canister (110) exceeds a predetermined value. This predetermined value is significantly higher than the pressure to break the seal (140) but relatively lower than the pressure that can cause the canister (110) to explode.
    The present description includes the content of the appended claims, as well as the content of the foregoing description. Although the invention has been described in its preferred form with a degree of specificity, it will be appreciated that the present description of the preferred form has been given by way of example only and that many different modifications of the structural details and combination and arrangement of parts may be resorted to without franga u fang. protection of the invention
    权利要求:
    Claims (9)
    [1]
    A fire extinguishing system comprising a hermetically sealed storage canister (110) made with at least one gas outlet (111) and defining a cavity (112) inside; a powdered fire extinguishing agent (120) stored inside the canister (110); a solid propellant (130) based on potassium nitrate, which is flammable to generate gases (135), stored inside a tubular member where the tubular member has a first end, fixed around the top portion of the canister and a second end, a gas outlet point, dug inside the extinguishing agent; and a breakable seal (140) located at the gas outlet (111) used in the solid propellant (130) generates gases (135) to effectively vent the fire extinguishing agent (120) within the canister (110) and create a positive gas pressure until the gas pressure is sufficient to break the seal (140) to release the fire extinguishing agent (120) under gas flow under pressure (150).
    [2]
    The fire extinguishing system of claim 1, further comprising a distributing tubing system (160) fixed to the gas outlet (111) for guiding the released fire extinguishing agent (120).
    [3]
    The fire extinguishing system of claim 1, further comprising a switch communicating with the solid propellant (130), and capable of electrically igniting the solid propellant (130) when the switch is manually activated.
    [4]
    The fire extinguishing system of claim 1, further comprising a pressure valve fabricated on the canister (110) to release the generated gases when the pressure within the canister (110) exceeds a predetermined value.
    [5]
    The fire extinguishing system of claim 1, further comprising a line * heat detector (180) which connects the solid propellant (130) to an electric power source and which is capable of igniting the solid propellant (130) when exposed to heat exceeding a predetermined temperature . 11 538 229
    [6]
    The fire extinguishing system of claim 1, the vane of the solid propellant (130) is located within the canister (110).
    [7]
    The fire extinguishing system of claim 1, the vane of the seal (140) is configured to rupture without preventing release of the fire extinguishing agent (120).
    [8]
    The fire extinguishing system according to claim 1, used in the powdered fire extinguishing agent (120) is a mixture of monoammonium phosphate and ammonium sulphate in the proportions 20% to 45%: 55% to 85 ° / 0, and wherein the fire extinguishing agent (120) is treated by hydrophobing before filling the canister (110).
    [9]
    Fire extinguishing system according to claim 1, used to extinguish a fire in the engine compartment of a vehicle. 12 538 229 1/4
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    同族专利:
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    WO2013028053A1|2013-02-28|
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    MYPI2011003993A|MY172624A|2011-08-25|2011-08-25|Fire extinguishing system|
    PCT/MY2012/000087|WO2013028053A1|2011-08-25|2012-04-20|A solid propellant fire extinguishing system|
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